Arabesque No. 1 in E major

Debussy wrote his two Arabesques in 1888–91, before the mature Impressionist piano cycles, and the E-major first Arabesque is one of his most-played piano pieces. The arabesque title — borrowed from the visual arts — describes a flowing, ornamented line that curves and returns, and Debussy's writing follows the metaphor closely: the piece is built from sweeping melodic curves over a continuous broken-chord accompaniment.

Technically the Arabesque tests three Grade 5 priorities: continuous rolled-arpeggio motion in the left hand at a steady tempo, a singing right-hand melody that crosses the hand-position frame, and pedal work that clarifies the harmonic shifts without blurring the texture. The piece is in E major (four sharps) and the harmonic vocabulary includes Debussy's characteristic added-sixth and ninth chords — colourful but not yet the full Impressionist palette of the later works.

Two pitfalls. First, the left-hand arpeggio can become metronomic — practise it alone and shape it with a small dynamic curve under each phrase, with the rolled chord arriving on the beat rather than before it. Second, the pedalling needs to clarify rather than blur; aim for a clean pedal change on each harmonic shift, with deliberate moments of half-pedal at the chromatic pivots.

The two Arabesques are on IMSLP in clean public-domain editions. Hearing the second Arabesque alongside the first calibrates the right balance between flow and harmonic clarity.